Description
Native human collagen type II isolated directly from human cartilage by partial pepsin digestion under acidic conditions, followed by differential salt precipitation. The lyophilized product is >95% type II, with type I and type III collagen at <5% combined and other human collagens or non-collagen proteins below 0.5%. Donor cartilage is screened negative for HBsAg, HCV and HIV-1/HIV-2.
Type II is the defining fibrillar collagen of articular cartilage, the vitreous humour, the nucleus pulposus and the developing notochord — and is the dominant autoantigen in human rheumatoid arthritis and collagen-induced-arthritis animal models. Most commercial type II collagens on the research market are bovine, chicken or porcine, because human-source material is genuinely difficult to obtain. cat. 210 fills that gap with a defined-source, defined-purity human reagent — essential whenever a species-matched human standard is required to avoid cross-species epitope mis-detection in serological assays, in patient-sample ELISAs, or in autoreactive-T-cell stimulation work.
cat. 210 is related to the bovine type II SKUs (cat. 826-1, cat. 826-30) and the human type I (cat. 288), type III (cat. 889) and type V (cat. 436) collagens, which together form the human-source ECM-antigen panel used for autoimmunity screens (Capossela et al. 2014 ECM 27: 251–263). Pair cat. 210 with cat. 288, 889 and 436 to build a complete human-collagen serology panel covering disc-, joint- and connective-tissue autoimmunity.
Specifications
Catalog number: 210
Amount: 0.1 mg
Source: Human cartilage (HBsAg / HCV / HIV-1 / HIV-2 negative)
Purity: Human collagen type II >95%. Human collagen types I + III <5% combined. Other human collagens & non-collagen proteins <0.5%
Format: Lyophilized
Purification: Partial pepsin digestion under acidic conditions; differential salt precipitation
Reconstitution
Dissolve in 0.5 M acetic acid, pH 2.5.
Storage
Ambient temperature shipping. Long-term storage: 2 years at -20 °C or lower.
Applications
- Human type II collagen ELISA, immunoblot and dot-blot reference standard — defined human-source antigen for quantifying type II collagen and its fragments (CTX-II, C2C, helix-II epitopes) in serum, synovial fluid, urine and cartilage lysates from osteoarthritis and rheumatoid-arthritis cohorts.
- Antigen for raising anti-human collagen type II antibodies — pure species-matched immunogen for rabbit, mouse, goat or chicken immunisation programmes targeting clinical-grade diagnostic or therapeutic antibodies.
- Coating substrate for chondrocyte and chondrogenic mesenchymal-stem-cell culture — recapitulates the native cartilage-ECM environment and supports the round, type-II-secreting chondrocyte phenotype that bovine substitutes can fail to maintain.
- Substrate for anti-collagen-II autoantibody screening — quantify pathological IgG, IgM and IgA autoreactivity against human type II collagen in RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, relapsing polychondritis and other connective-tissue autoimmune diseases.
- Antigen panel for autoimmunity research — paired with cat. 288 (human type I), cat. 889 (human type III) and cat. 436 (human type V), cat. 210 completes the human-collagen serology array used in disc-, joint- and connective-tissue autoimmunity screens.
- Substrate for collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) protocols — the defined human-source antigen for in-vitro restimulation of T cells from CIA-model mice and rats, and for cross-species reactivity panels.
- Reference material for single-molecule biophysics and structural studies — native triple-helical collagen II for AFM, optical-tweezers, persistence-length, environmentally-controlled-curvature and SANS / SAXS characterisation work.
- Substrate for type-II-specific protease-activity assays — defined human substrate for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-13, cathepsin K and chondrocyte-derived metalloprotease cleavage assays underlying osteoarthritis drug discovery.
CITED USE CASES
(1) Gualandi L., Kamath R., Schwartz Sterman A. (2014) — Anti-collagen antibodies for treatment and diagnosis. US patent application US20170226196A1.
The inventors used the YO Proteins human collagen type II (cat. 210) as the defined human-source antigen in the development of anti-collagen-II antibody compositions claimed for the treatment and diagnosis of cartilage-loss diseases. Patent-grade validation of cat. 210 as a clinical-development immunogen — the use of a defined human-source antigen rather than a bovine or chicken substitute is one of the criteria that supports translational claims downstream.
(2) Pal S., Konkimalla V.B. (2016) — Data on sulforaphane treatment mediated suppression of autoreactive, inflammatory M1 macrophages. Data in Brief. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.105.
The authors used cat. 210 as the human type II collagen antigen in studies of autoreactive macrophage polarisation in rheumatoid-arthritis-related inflammation. Sulforaphane was shown to suppress autoreactive M1 macrophage activation in response to human collagen II stimulation, supporting collagen-II / autoreactive-macrophage interaction as a druggable RA target. cat. 210 provides the species-matched antigen needed for human-cell-based autoreactivity readouts.
(3) Rezaei N., Lyons A., Forde N.R. (2018) — Environmentally controlled curvature of single collagen proteins. bioRxiv 279380. doi:10.1101/279380.
The authors used cat. 210 as a defined-purity, native-conformation human type II collagen for single-molecule biophysics studies of triple-helix curvature under controlled solvent / ionic / temperature conditions. Demonstrates that cat. 210 retains the native triple-helical structure and persistence-length behaviour required for AFM and single-molecule optical-tweezers measurements — a stricter quality bar than the bulk-application uses, and an indirect validation of the lot-to-lot consistency required for structural biophysics.
